[ ARCHITECTURE CASE STUDY ]

CodeCollab Case Study | Sarthak Joshi — Backend Developer

Real-Time Systems & Distributed WebSockets

Overview & Domain

Explore CodeCollab: real-time collaborative coding platform with Socket.io delta sync and WebRTC audio/video mesh calling built by Sarthak Joshi.

Primary Technology Stack: React.js, Node.js, Express.js, Socket.io, WebRTC, Firebase Auth, MongoDB, Tailwind CSS

The Engineering Challenge

Traditional web applications rely on standard polling or HTTP requests, introducing high latency when multiple users edit the exact same document or attempt live video debugging. Managing concurrent edits requires conflict-free synchronization, low-latency signaling, and resilient state broadcast.

Architectural Solution

Implemented Socket.io WebSocket event pipelines for real-time document delta broadcasting alongside a WebRTC mesh network for peer-to-peer audio/video calling. Persistent state is backed up to MongoDB with Firebase Auth handling identity and room access control.

Technical Architecture & System Specifications

  • Event-driven WebSocket architecture utilizing Socket.io for low-latency operational delta broadcasting across concurrent room participants.
  • WebRTC peer-to-peer audio and video communication channel mesh eliminating centralized media relay bottlenecks.
  • Stateless signaling service coordinating connection offers, answers, and ICE candidate negotiation.
  • MongoDB persistent storage managing room metadata, execution snapshots, and collaboration history.
  • Firebase Authentication token verification integrated into WebSocket connection handshakes.

Measured Performance & Production Metrics

  • 30% reduction in communication latency compared to client-side polling architectures.
  • Sub-50ms operational delta broadcast latency across active collaboration rooms.
  • Zero document state loss under high-frequency typing events via delta queuing.

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